For her episode of the podcast, "#MeToo: China's Feminist, Social Media Movement,": https://anchor.fm/zhidaoyouzhengyi Nathalie conducted background research with the help of books and articles. She also interviewed two friends about feminism in China. After doing this and taking notes, she recorded and edited using Hindenberg. She then posted the podcast on Anchor and Soundcloud. Nathalie's podcast tended to be more about how Chinese history, social media, and censorship play a role in the Chinese #metoo movement.
In the second episode, 视角 (Perspectives), Liz interviewed six Chinese individuals, four females and two males, ranging from age 16 to 49. In semi-structured interviews, lasting from 16 minutes to 50 minutes. She asked each interviewee about their perspective on the movement in general, about women speaking out, about the two news media examples she provided, and about the possible tension that is arising by Chinese society trying to reconcile the traditional values and the feminist ideas that the movement brings about. To represent the traditional values she used five idioms: 相夫教子, 贤妻良母, 人老珠黄, 残花败柳 and 水性杨花, which all describe the traditional roles and expectations for Chinese women. The interviews emphasized the impact these traditional values still have on Chinese culture, however they also show the ongoing transformation of their social customs from conservative to liberal and old-fashion to contemporary.
The collection consists primarily of writings by Charles Proteus Steinmetz for General Electric and for publication, as well as research notes and ledgers. Topics include research in thermodynamics and steam turbines, fraternities, and national issues such as Socialism. The collection also includes several books owned by his father Karl, as well as a photograph and some assorted ephemera. Charles Proteus Steinmetz was born in 1865, and he was a mathemetician and electrical engineer. Forced to leave Germany because of Socialist activities in 1888, and he was a professor at Union College, as well as a chair of the Department of Engineering. He died in 1923.
One provision of the Affordable Care Act was to expand Medicaid eligibility for a greater number of low-income patients. The resulting increase in demand for care was largely explored, but the effect of the 2014 Medicaid expansion on the physician and advanced practitioner labor market has not been well researched by economists. Using pooled cross-sectional data from the 2010 - 2018 American Community Surveys, this paper examines whether the Medicaid expansion has caused notable changes in physician, physician assistant, and nurse practitioner hours, compensation, and overall employment. The literature shows that practices that employ nurse practitioners are far more likely to accept Medicaid patients due to the lower wage rates of nurse practitioners that offset lower reimbursement rates for Medicaid patients. This study finds that the weekly hours worked by nurse practitioners increased significantly in states that have implemented Medicaid expansion, whereas physicians and physician assistants saw no change in their hours or earnings. Further, Medicaid expansion led to no significant change in the overall employment of each type of provider in states. Thus, the response of the health care system to the Medicaid expansion is in line with the profit maximizing input allocation.
On April 20, 2010, 41 miles off the Louisiana coast, a wellhead blowout on the Deepwater Horizon (DH) drilling rig initiated the largest accidental oil spill in history, releasing over 200 million gallons of oil before it was capped on July 15, 2010. Past studies have suggested vanadium concentrations in biogenic carbonates as a straightforward proxy of oil contamination. Thus, being the largest spill of all time, the DH spill should produce a distinct vanadium signal in carbonates. Therefore, shells of the economically and ecologically important oyster Crassostrea virginica that lived through the DH spill were serially sampled through ontogeny and analyzed for concentrations of elements associated with hydrocarbon contamination (vanadium, chromium, cobalt, arsenic & lead) using LA-ICP-MS. Two shells collected prior to oil landfall in May 2010, shells collected from the Gulf coast in 1947 and 1970, and a shell from North Carolina were also analyzed for elemental concentrations to establish a baseline and to investigate the historical impacts of hydrocarbon exploration in the Gulf of Mexico. Pre- and post-spill soft tissue samples were also analyzed for trace metal concentrations to clarify the mechanisms and timing of hydrocarbon infiltration into Gulf coast food webs. Although vanadium concentrations were higher in post-spill shells and tissues, the results suggest that several poorly-understood factors can produce significant variability in vanadium concentrations of carbonates (as well as tissues), and that our understanding of these controls must be refined before a vanadium excursion recorded in biogenic carbonates can be attributed to any particular source.
Thucydides wrote in his <em>History of the Peloponnesian War</em>: "Right… is only in question between equals in power… the strong do what they can and the weak suffer what they must" and "Of all manifestations of power, restraint impresses men the most." These words continue to provide insight into conflicts between states, especially between the most powerful of states. The Cold War was such a conflict, one that would test the power and restraint of history's two most powerful countries. Lasting nearly half a century, the Cold War dominated global affairs following the Second World War, with former allies turning against one another for control of the postwar world.
Like the Peloponnesian War, the Cold War's belligerents bore few similarities other than their immense power - the United States being a liberal democracy with constitutional protections for its citizens, and the Soviet Union being a totalitarian, oppressive, single-party dictatorship governed under the guise of utopian communism. These ideological and societal differences are commonly acknowledged as major underlying factors in the Cold War's outbreak, worsened by crises which gradually deteriorated US-Soviet relations and officiated hostilities.
However, history is rarely that simple, for the Cold War's origins are a matter of great dispute, as are the factors which allowed the conflict to arise. Its "beginning" is attributed to many events, some often-cited and others little-known; ideological narratives further complicate historical analysis, with each side accusing the other of ultimate responsibility for inciting the conflict. Several schools of thought have emerged to explain the Cold War, yet its origins remain unclear and under contentious debate. This work will attempt to extricate the breakdown of US-Soviet relations from 1945 to 1948 without ideological obfuscation, thereby providing context and reason for the Cold War and its primary causes.
By examining the conflict's earliest days, this thesis will investigate four cases as explanatory factors in bringing about the Cold War. First, the Iran Crisis was an initial and little-known crisis, yet it exposed the superpowers' differing postwar goals and cautioned the notion of harmonious peace. Next, the Greek Civil War and related events in the Balkans were significant escalations of already-brewing tensions between the Soviet Union and the Western Allies, inducing political shifts which further entrenched both camps. In addition, the Communist Coup in Czechoslovakia brought the Cold War to the heart of Central Europe, enflaming the mutual suspicion and enmity simmering since World War II's conclusion. Finally, The Berlin Blockade embodies the final birth of the Cold War through direct confrontation and standoff between East and West, solidifying the frontline which became known as the Iron Curtain.
Through case-by-case analysis and research of contemporary US government documents, this work will exhibit how disputed wartime agreements, antagonistic geopolitical rivalry, and mutual lack of understanding were the primary factors which led to this colossal showdown between history's mightiest states. While ideological differences created inherent mistrust and laid bare the contrast between both superpowers, these divergent characteristics merely played a secondary role in causing the Cold War. Rather, facts reveal that the Cold War was mainly a classical clash of great powers repeated through the ages by Athens and Sparta, by Rome and Carthage, by England and France, and by countless others.